intestinal migraine - Clinical Study on Migraine in Traditional Chinese Medicine
Clinical Study on Migraine in Traditional Chinese Medicine
Introduction This is a study accounting the treatment of patients with medically diagnosed chronic migraine. After trying many different conventional modalities of treatment, often with limited therapeutic efficacy and adverse side effects, acupuncture is sought out by patients. Although there are fewer studies performed on acupuncture than those of drug therapy for the treatment of migraine, the literature still suggests that acupuncture is a useful alternative, especially for patients unable or unwilling to take medication.
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(c) Flaring up of Liver fire A prolonged state of Qi stagnation manifests itself as a state of fire which will raise, burn and consume Yin and Blood. This is an extreme manifestation of Liver Yang rising and Liver Qi stagnation exhibiting different signs and symptoms comprising a red face, eyes and tongue, thirst, irritability and insomnia. The title of this composition could be rightly be intestinal migraine. This is because what is mentioned here is mostly about intestinal migraine.
International Headache Society. ( . Classification and diagnostic criteria for headache disorders, cranial neuralgias and facial pain. Cephalalgia, 8, 1- We hope you develop a better understanding of intestinal migraine on completion of this article on intestinal migraine. Only if the article is understood is it's benefit reached.
The main disease theory of migraine in TCM all involve the Liver, the Liver-Gallbladder collateral and the flow of Qi and Blood circulation. In TCM, the pathogenesis of migraine can be of an external or internal nature. The external factors involve the invasion of pathogens such as wind-cold, wind-heat, wind-damp or toxic heat. Internal factors are further divided into an excessive or deficient type. Internal excessive factors involve the stagnation of Liver Qi, hyperactivity of Liver Yang, flaring up of Liver fire, Blood stasis obstructing the channels and accumulation of Damp Phlegm. In addition, internal deficiency can be due to Qi deficiency, Blood deficiency and Kidney deficiency. It is important to differentiate between external and internal factors as this study only involves the five key TCM patterns of internal excessive type associated with chronic migraine. Saying that all that is written here is all there is on intestinal migraine would be an understatement. Very much more has to be learnt and propagated bout intestinal migraine.
(d) Blood stasis obstructing the channels Any chronic condition or trauma in TCM can cause a degree of Blood stasis which impedes the free flow of Qi in the head and channels. This stasis congeals Blood to a specific, fixed location which starves the channels of nutrition. Some of the main signs and symptoms of this pattern include a choppy pulse, spots on the tongue, heavy periods and a fixed point of head pain. Once you are through reading what is written here on intestinal migraine, have you considered recollecting what has been written and writing them down? This way, you are bound to have a better understanding on intestinal migraine.
Tuchin, PJ, Pollard, H, & Bonello, R. ( . A Randomized Controlled Trial of Chiropractic Spinal Manipulative Therapy for Migraine. Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics, 23, 91- As you progress deeper and deeper into this composition on intestinal migraine, you are sure to unearth more information on intestinal migraine. The information becomes more interesting as the deeper you venture into the composition.
Acupuncture In practice the use of acupuncture and auricula acupuncture has beneficial merit -Atypical session would include twice a week for the first 6 weeks followed by weekly sessions for an additional 6 weeks. The treatment involves acupuncture needling, auricular therapy (incorporating both Western and Chinese style ear points), granulated herbal preparation and sliding cupping. Point selection is modified weekly according to signs and symptoms. Each session's duration was between 40-50 minutes; needles can be retained for 20 minutes. This is a systematic presentation on the uses and history of intestinal migraine. Use it to understand more about intestinal migraine and it's functioning.
Chiropractic - Studies have shown that some patients achieve improvements in their migraine symptoms following chiropractic spinal manipulative therapy (Tuchin et al, however many patients prefer a less invasive treatment as adverse effects following spinal manipulation have occurred (Rosner, . There are universal applications on intestinal migraine everywhere. However, it is up to us to decide the way used for these applications to get the best results from them.
Western treatment of migraine generally involves medication and/or alternative therapy. Medications- Analgesics are the first-line of treatment for mild-to-moderate migraine. Despite their proven efficacy, adverse side effects are prevalent which make them undesirable. Commonly used analgesics for migraine include non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) and ibuprofen (Nebe et al., , 5-HT1B/1D agonists including sumatriptan (Tfelt-Hansen, et al, , ergot alkaloids (Ala-Hurula, , calcium channel blockers, for example flunarizine (Lucetti et al., , beta-blockers, for example propranolol (Verspeelt, et al and antidepressants, for example amitriptyline (Rampello et al., . What we have written here about intestinal migraine can be considered to be a unique composition on intestinal migraine. Let's hope you appreciate it being unique.
Tukmachi, E. ( . Acupuncture therapy in diseases failing to respond to Western Medicine 6 case reports. Journal of Chinese Medicine Number, 67, 6- In addition to what we had mentioned in the previous paragraph, much more has to be said about intestinal migraine. If space permits, we will state everything about it.
Herbal Preparation Herbal preparation can be used to assist with the signs and symptoms of the main patterns. These preparations are consumed twice daily in warm water. We do hope that you find the information here something worth recommending others to read and think about once you complete reading all there is about intestinal migraine.
Acupuncture and Cupping - Several studies have shown the efficacy of acupuncture (Melchart et al., 2006; Romoli et al, 2006; Tukmachi, 2001; Xiuying, and cupping (Xiuying, for the treatment of migraine. One study (which is one of the largest to date) showed patients that received acupuncture, experienced fewer migraine episodes, a decreased absenteeism from work and suffered no side effects compared to patients who were treated with drug therapy (Liguori et al., . In that study, acupuncture was also found to be more cost-effective if used to treat headaches alone instead of drugs (Liguori et al., .
Sjaastad, O, Saunte, C, Hovdahl, H, Breivik, H, & Gr??nbaek, E. ( . "Cervicogenic" Headache. An hypothesis. Cephalalgia, 3, 249- Streng, A, Linde, K, Hoppe, A, Pfaffenrath, V, Hammes, M, Wagenpfeil, S, Weidenhammer, W, & Melchart, D. ( . Efffectiveness and Tolerability of Acupuncture Compared with Metoprolol in Migraine Prophylaxis. Headache, 46, 1492-
Rampello, L, Alvano, A, Chiechi, S, Malaguarnera, M, Raffaele, R, Vecchio, I, & Nicoletti, F. ( . Evaluation of the Prophylactic Efficacy of Amitriptyline and Citalopram, Alone or in Combination, in Patients with Comorbidity of Depression, Migraine and Tension-Type Headache. Neuropsychobiology, 50, 322-
Tfelt-Hansen, P, Flemming, W.B., Daugaard, D, Tsiropoulos, I, & Riddersholm, B. ( . Treatment with sumatriptan 50 mg in the mild phase of migraine attacks in patients with infrequent attacks: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Journal of Headache and Pain, 7, 389-
Mulder, EJ, van Baal, C, Gaist, D, Kallela, M, Kaprio, J, Svensson, DA, Nyholt, DR, Martin, NG, MacGregor, AJ, Cherkas, LF, Boomsma, DI, & Palotie, A. ( . Genetic and Environmental Influences on Migraine: A Twin Study Across Six Countries. Twin Research, 6, 422- intestinal migraine is the substance of this composition. Without intestinal migraine, there would not have been much to write and think about over here!
Romoli, M, Allais, G, Airola, G, & Benedetto, C. ( . Ear acupuncture in the control of migraine pain: selecting the right acupoints by the "needle-contact test". Neurological Sciences, 26, S158-S
(a) Liver Qi stagnation The Liver is considered to be the commander of circulation which ensures the smooth flow Qi. When disrupted with emotional or environmental conditions, an obstruction will result, which causes pain. The Liver Channel has an internal relationship with the Gallbladder Channel therefore any problem with the Liver channel will transcend to the Gallbladder Channel which manifests at the temporal region (Maciocia, . Some of the main signs and symptoms of Liver Qi stagnation include emotional depression, menstrual irregularities, hypochondriac pain, one-sided headache and a wiry pulse.
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References Ala-Hurula, V. ( . Correlation between pharmacokinetics and clinical effects of ergotamine in patients suffering from migraine. European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 21( , 397- It is only if you find some usage for the matter described here on intestinal migraine that we will feel the efforts put in writing on intestinal migraine fruitful. So make good usage of it!
Kallela, M, Wessman, M, Havanka, H, Palotie, A, & F??rkkil??, M. ( . Familial migraine with and without aura: clinical characteristics and co-occurrence. European Journal of Neurology, 8, 441- A substantial amount of the words here are all inter-connected to and about intestinal migraine. Understand them to get an overall understanding on intestinal migraine.
Melchart, D, Linde, K, Fischer, P, Berman, B, White, A, Vickers, A, & Allais, G. ( . Acupuncture for idiopathic headache. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2001, Issue 1, Art. No.: CD DOI: 001002/ CD Looking for something logical on intestinal migraine, we stumbled on the information provided here. Look out for anything illogical here.
Verspeelt, J, De Locht, P, & Amery, WK. ( . Post-marketing cohort study comparing the safety and efficacy of flunarizine and propranolol in the prophylaxis of migraine. Cephalalgia, 16( , 328- So after reading what we have mentioned here on intestinal migraine, it is up to you to provide your verdict as to what exactly it is that you find fascinating here.
Migraine is a common disabling primary headache disorder (Headache Classification Subcommittee, that is ranked 19 by the World Health Organisation among all diseases worldwide causing disability. Migraine consists of many subtypes and classifying and diagnosing these sub-types is based on the fulfilment of symptomatic criteria according to the International Headache Society (IHS). Migraines can be caused by a variety of factors including, but not limited to, diet, stress, genetics (Kallela, et al., 2001; Mulder et al., and menstruation (MacGregor et al., . Even if you are a stranger in the world of intestinal migraine, once you are through with this article, you will no longer have to consider yourself to be a stranger in it!
Cupping Sliding cupping can be performed weekly for the first four weeks focussing mainly across the shoulders and upper back region to relieve tension and promote blood circulation.
MacGregor, EA, Chia, H, Vohrah, RC, & Wilkinson, M. ( . Migraine and menstruation: a pilot study. Cephalalgia, 10, 305- Maciocia, G. ( . Diagnosis in Chinese Medicine A Comprehensive Guide. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. Writing on intestinal migraine proved to be a gamble to us. This is because there simply seemed to be nothing to write about in the beginning of writing. It was only in the process of writing did we get more and more to write on intestinal migraine.
Alternative Therapy- is often used in the treatment and management of migraine. These techniques are sought as some focus on the cervical spine where it is thought that headache originates from (Sjaastad et al, or because of an inability to take medication. Some of these therapies include chiropractic, acupuncture and cupping. We wish to stress on the importance and the necessity of intestinal migraine through this article. This is because we see the need of propagating its necessity and importance!
Conclusion Studies have shown that acupuncture can play a significant role in treating migraine (Melchart et al., however it is important that a patient must seek a qualified practitioner that is with an accredited Acupuncture association , such as the AACMA (Australian Acupuncture & Chinese Medicine Association)
Headache Classification Subcommittee of the International Headache Society. ( . The International Classification of Headache Disorders. Cephalalgia, 24(Supplement , 9-
(e) Accumulation of damp phlegm The Spleen and Stomach are responsible for the transformation and transportation of food and liquids. When the physiological function of these organs is compromised (by the over-indulgence of sweet, fatty, greasy foods or over consumption of alcohol), shi-tan (dampness and phlegm) are produced which inhibits the clear flow of Qi to and from the head, thus stagnating the circulation of Qi and Blood in the head. This type of migraine has been induced by years of poor diet and lifestyle abuse. Head pain associated with this type of pattern is of a heavy sensation, with a slippery pulse and a thick tongue coating.
Xiuying, D. ( . 100 Cases of Intractable Migraine Treated by Acupuncture and Cupping. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 19( , 205-
Flaws, B, & Sionneau, P. ( . The Treatment of Mordern Western Medical Diseases with Chinese Medicine (Second ed.). Boulder Blue Poppy Press.
Rosner, AL. ( . Adverse Reactions to Chiropractic Care in the UCLA Neck Pain Study: A Response. Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics, 29, 248- There are many varieties of intestinal migraine found today. However, we have stuck to the description of only one variety to prevent confusion!
Liguori, A, Petti, F, Bangrazi, A, Camaioni, D, Guccione, G, Pitari, GM, Bianchi, A, & Nicoletti, WE. ( . Comparison of pharmacological treatment versus acupuncture treatment for migraine without aura - analysis of sociomedical parameters. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 20( , 231-
Traditional Chinese Medicine Perspective In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), migraine is characterised as "Pian Tuo Tong" meaning "one sided headache" or "Tuo Tong" meaning "head pain" (Flaws & Sionneau, . The head is considered to be the meeting point of the six Yang channels and is transverses by the DuMai (governing vessel), influenced by the Liver channel and the Qi and Blood of the Zang Fu (Maciocia, . Therefore, any disruption to this flow will manifest as head pain.
Melchart, D, Weidenhammer, W, Streng, A, Hoppe, A, Pfaffenrath, V, & Linde, K. ( . Acupuncture for Chronic Headaches - An Epidemiological Study. Headache, 46, 632- There is a vast ocean of knowledge connected with intestinal migraine. What is included here can be considered a fraction of this knowledge!
Nebe, J, Heier, M, & Diener, HC. ( . Low-dose ibuprofen in self-medication of mild to moderate headache: a comparison with acetylsalicylic acid and placebo. Cephalalgia, 15, 531- Get more familiar with intestinal migraine once you finish reading this article. Only then will you realize the importance of intestinal migraine in your day to day life.
(b) Hyperactivity of Liver Yang When there is an abundance of Yang, or insufficient Yin, Yang energy will raise to affect the channels of the head. Hyperactivity of Liver Yang is due to the insufficiency of the Liver and Kidney Yin or the over abundance of Yang. If the Yang of the Liver is unable to be anchored by the Yin, the Liver Yang (which has upward and heat characteristics) rises to cause a disruption of Qi in the head. This disruption manifests as stagnation and therefore pain. Some of the main signs and symptoms of hyperactivity of Liver Yang include temporal headaches (worse at night), dizziness, tinnitus and a wiry, forceful pulse. intestinal migraine are versatile as they are found in all parts and walks of life. It all depends on the way you take it
About the author: Rodd Sanchez is a practitioner of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Acupuncture & Chinese Herbal Medicine) and clinic director at the Macquarie St. Clinic of Acupuncture & Chinese Medicine, sydney NSW. In the past he has been a nurse working in the field of psychiatrics, paediatrics and age care for over 12 years. At present he is a lecture, guest speaker and student clinic supervisor for the Sydney Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine- His interest are traditional therapeutic methods and therapeutic Chinese dietary therapy.
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